Personal jurisdiction means the ability of a court having subject matter jurisdiction to exercise power over a particular defendant or item of property. There are three types of personal jurisdiction such as In Personam Jurisdiction, In Rem Jurisdiction and Quasi-in-rem Jurisdiction. To determine whether the courts have personal jurisdiction to entertain a matter before it, state courts have adopted various factors and tests. These tests vary from state to state and have also changed within individual states over time.

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